Glossary of 

Part 1: LMD System

 • LMD System: A higher education system structured into three levels: Licence (Bachelor), Master, and Doctorate.

• Licence: The first academic cycle, lasting 3 years and requiring 180 ECTS credits.

• Master: The second academic cycle, 2 years after the Licence, requiring 120 additional credits.

• Doctorate: The third academic cycle, focused on research, generally requiring 3+ years after a Master.

• Credits (ECTS): A unit measuring the student’s workload; one semester equals 30 credits.

• Teaching Unit (UE): A module grouping related subjects. Includes UEF, UEM, UET, and UED.

• UEF (Fundamental): Covers the core disciplinary knowledge of a programme.

• UEM (Methodological): Supports the student’s ability to work independently (e.g. methods, tools).

• UET (Transversal): Provides cross-disciplinary knowledge (e.g. languages, ICT).

• UED (Discovery): Introduces students to other disciplines or allows reorientation.

• Capitalisation: The process of retaining validated modules or units for future credit.

• Compensation: A rule allowing lower grades in some modules to be offset by higher ones in others.

• Semester: Half of an academic year; 2 semesters per year.

• Coefficient: A weight assigned to a module, indicating its importance in the average calculation.

• Domain / Field / Specialization: Progressive academic paths that define a student's focus area.